168 lines
8.7 KiB
Plaintext
168 lines
8.7 KiB
Plaintext
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="zh-CN">
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<head>
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<meta charset="UTF-8">
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
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<title>Hello World - Struts2 学习</title>
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<style>
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body { font-family: 'Segoe UI', 'PingFang SC', sans-serif; background: linear-gradient(135deg, #667eea, #764ba2); min-height: 100vh; margin: 0; padding: 20px; }
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.container { max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; }
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.breadcrumb { background: white; padding: 15px 25px; border-radius: 10px; margin-bottom: 20px; }
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.breadcrumb a { color: #667eea; text-decoration: none; }
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.content { background: white; border-radius: 20px; padding: 40px; box-shadow: 0 10px 40px rgba(0,0,0,0.2); }
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h1 { color: #667eea; border-bottom: 3px solid #667eea; padding-bottom: 15px; }
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h2 { color: #764ba2; margin-top: 30px; }
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.section { margin: 25px 0; padding: 20px; background: #f8f9fa; border-radius: 10px; }
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code { background: #1e1e1e; color: #d4d4d4; padding: 2px 8px; border-radius: 4px; font-family: Consolas, monospace; }
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pre { background: #1e1e1e; color: #d4d4d4; padding: 20px; border-radius: 10px; overflow-x: auto; font-size: 0.9em; }
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.keyword { color: #569cd6; }
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.string { color: #ce9178; }
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.comment { color: #6a9955; }
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.btn { display: inline-block; padding: 12px 30px; background: #667eea; color: white; text-decoration: none; border-radius: 25px; margin-right: 10px; }
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.btn:hover { background: #764ba2; }
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.note { background: #fff3e0; border-left: 4px solid #ff9800; padding: 15px; margin: 20px 0; border-radius: 0 10px 10px 0; }
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</style>
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</head>
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<body>
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<div class="container">
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<div class="breadcrumb">
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<a href="/">🏠 首页</a> / Hello World
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</div>
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<div class="content">
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<h1>👋 Hello World - 第一个 Struts2 应用</h1>
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<div class="note">
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<strong>📝 本节要点：</strong> 创建最简单的 Struts2 应用，掌握 Action 编写和 struts.xml 配置
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</div>
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<h2>1. 项目结构</h2>
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<pre>
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webapp/
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├── WEB-INF/
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│ ├── web.xml
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│ └── lib/
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│ └── struts2-core.jar
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├── struts.xml ← Action 配置
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├── index.jsp
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└── hello.jsp ← 结果页面</pre>
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<h2>2. web.xml 配置</h2>
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<div class="section">
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<pre><span class="comment"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?></span>
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<span class="keyword"><web-app</span> xmlns=<span class="string">"http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"</span><span class="keyword">></span>
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<span class="comment"><!-- Struts2 核心过滤器 --></span>
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<span class="keyword"><filter></span>
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<span class="keyword"><filter-name></span>struts2<span class="keyword"></filter-name></span>
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<span class="keyword"><filter-class></span>
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org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter
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<span class="keyword"></filter-class></span>
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<span class="keyword"></filter></span>
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<span class="keyword"><filter-mapping></span>
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<span class="keyword"><filter-name></span>struts2<span class="keyword"></filter-name></span>
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<span class="keyword"><url-pattern></span>/*<span class="keyword"></url-pattern></span>
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<span class="keyword"></filter-mapping></span>
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<span class="keyword"></web-app></span></pre>
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</div>
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<h2>3. struts.xml 配置</h2>
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<div class="section">
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<pre><span class="comment"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?></span>
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<span class="keyword"><!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC</span>
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<span class="string">"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"</span>
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<span class="string">"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd"</span><span class="keyword">></span>
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<span class="keyword"><struts></span>
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<span class="comment"><!-- 开发模式 --></span>
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<span class="keyword"><constant</span> name=<span class="string">"struts.devMode"</span> value=<span class="string">"true"</span><span class="keyword">/></span>
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<span class="comment"><!-- 定义包 --></span>
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<span class="keyword"><package</span> name=<span class="string">"default"</span> namespace=<span class="string">"/"</span> extends=<span class="string">"struts-default"</span><span class="keyword">></span>
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<span class="comment"><!-- Action 配置 --></span>
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<span class="keyword"><action</span> name=<span class="string">"hello"</span> class=<span class="string">"com.demo.HelloAction"</span><span class="keyword">></span>
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<span class="keyword"><result></span>/hello.jsp<span class="keyword"></result></span>
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<span class="keyword"></action></span>
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<span class="keyword"></package></span>
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<span class="keyword"></struts></span></pre>
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</div>
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<h2>4. HelloAction.java</h2>
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<div class="section">
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<pre><span class="keyword">package</span> com.demo;
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<span class="keyword">import</span> com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
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<span class="comment">/**
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* 第一个 Struts2 Action
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* 继承 ActionSupport 可以获得验证、国际化的能力
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*/</span>
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<span class="keyword">public class</span> HelloAction <span class="keyword">extends</span> ActionSupport {
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<span class="comment">// 接收参数</span>
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<span class="keyword">private</span> String name;
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<span class="comment">// 返回给页面的数据</span>
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<span class="keyword">private</span> String message;
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<span class="comment">/**
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* 执行方法，默认调用
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*/</span>
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<span class="annotation">@Override</span>
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<span class="keyword">public</span> String execute() <span class="keyword">throws</span> Exception {
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<span class="keyword">if</span> (name == <span class="keyword">null</span> || name.trim().isEmpty()) {
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name = <span class="string">"Struts2 学习者"</span>;
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}
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message = <span class="string">"你好, "</span> + name + <span class="string">"! 欢迎学习 Struts2!"</span>;
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<span class="keyword">return</span> SUCCESS; <span class="comment">// 返回 "success"</span>
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}
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<span class="comment">// Getter/Setter 必须提供，Struts2 通过反射注入参数</span>
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<span class="keyword">public</span> String getName() { <span class="keyword">return</span> name; }
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<span class="keyword">public void</span> setName(String name) { <span class="keyword">this</span>.name = name; }
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<span class="keyword">public</span> String getMessage() { <span class="keyword">return</span> message; }
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<span class="keyword">public void</span> setMessage(String message) { <span class="keyword">this</span>.message = message; }
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}</pre>
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</div>
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<h2>5. hello.jsp 结果页面</h2>
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<div class="section">
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<pre><span class="comment"><%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %></span>
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<span class="comment"><%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %></span>
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<span class="keyword"><!DOCTYPE html></span>
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<span class="keyword"><html></span>
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<span class="keyword"><body></span>
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<span class="comment"><!-- 使用 Struts2 标签获取 Action 返回的值 --></span>
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<span class="keyword"><h1><s:property</span> value=<span class="string">"message"</span>/></h1>
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<span class="keyword"></body></span>
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<span class="keyword"></html></span></pre>
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</div>
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<h2>6. 访问方式</h2>
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<div class="section">
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<p>启动应用后，访问：</p>
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<code>http://localhost:8080/hello</code> - 默认执行<br>
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<code>http://localhost:8080/hello?name=张三</code> - 传递参数
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</div>
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<h2>执行流程图</h2>
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<div class="section">
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<pre style="text-align: center;">
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浏览器请求 → Struts2 Filter → ActionProxy → HelloAction.execute()
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→ 返回 "success" → 配置的 result → hello.jsp → 浏览器</pre>
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</div>
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<div style="margin-top: 30px;">
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<a href="/demo/validation" class="btn">下一节：表单验证 →</a>
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<a href="/" class="btn" style="background: #764ba2;">← 返回首页</a>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</body>
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</html> |