feat(v1): unify API response, validation, exception handling and tests

src/main/java/com/example/demo/controller/AopEventController.java

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ import com.example.demo.aop.RateLimited;
 import com.example.demo.event.UserEventPublisher;
 import com.example.demo.model.User;
 import com.example.demo.service.UserService;
-import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
 
 import java.util.HashMap;
@@ -20,17 +19,20 @@ import java.util.Map;
 @RequestMapping("/aop")
 public class AopEventController {
 
-    @Autowired
-    private UserService userService;
+    private final UserService userService;
+    private final UserEventPublisher eventPublisher;
+    private final PerformanceAspect performanceAspect;
+    private final RateLimitAspect rateLimitAspect;
 
-    @Autowired
-    private UserEventPublisher eventPublisher;
-
-    @Autowired
-    private PerformanceAspect performanceAspect;
-
-    @Autowired
-    private RateLimitAspect rateLimitAspect;
+    public AopEventController(UserService userService,
+                              UserEventPublisher eventPublisher,
+                              PerformanceAspect performanceAspect,
+                              RateLimitAspect rateLimitAspect) {
+        this.userService = userService;
+        this.eventPublisher = eventPublisher;
+        this.performanceAspect = performanceAspect;
+        this.rateLimitAspect = rateLimitAspect;
+    }
 
     /**
      * 学习首页

src/main/java/com/example/demo/controller/UserController.java

@@ -1,64 +1,54 @@
 package com.example.demo.controller;
 
+import com.example.demo.common.ApiResponse;
+import com.example.demo.dto.UserRequest;
 import com.example.demo.model.User;
 import com.example.demo.service.UserService;
-import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
+import jakarta.validation.Valid;
 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
 
 import java.util.List;
 
-/**
- * 用户控制器 - RESTful API 示例
- * 
- * 学习点：
- * - @RestController: 组合了 @Controller 和 @ResponseBody
- * - @RequestMapping: 路由映射
- * - @PathVariable: 路径变量
- * - @RequestParam: 查询参数
- * - @RequestBody: 请求体
- */
 @RestController
 @RequestMapping("/api/users")
 public class UserController {
 
-    @Autowired
-    private UserService userService;
+    private final UserService userService;
+
+    public UserController(UserService userService) {
+        this.userService = userService;
+    }
 
-    // GET /api/users - 获取所有用户
     @GetMapping
-    public List<User> getAllUsers() {
-        return userService.findAll();
+    public ApiResponse<List<User>> getAllUsers() {
+        return ApiResponse.ok(userService.findAll());
     }
 
-    // GET /api/users/{id} - 获取单个用户
     @GetMapping("/{id}")
-    public User getUserById(@PathVariable Long id) {
-        return userService.findById(id);
+    public ApiResponse<User> getUserById(@PathVariable Long id) {
+        return ApiResponse.ok(userService.findById(id));
     }
 
-    // POST /api/users - 创建用户
     @PostMapping
-    public User createUser(@RequestBody User user) {
-        return userService.save(user);
+    public ApiResponse<User> createUser(@Valid @RequestBody UserRequest req) {
+        User user = new User(null, req.name(), req.email(), req.age());
+        return ApiResponse.ok("创建成功", userService.create(user));
     }
 
-    // PUT /api/users/{id} - 更新用户
     @PutMapping("/{id}")
-    public User updateUser(@PathVariable Long id, @RequestBody User user) {
-        user.setId(id);
-        return userService.save(user);
+    public ApiResponse<User> updateUser(@PathVariable Long id, @Valid @RequestBody UserRequest req) {
+        User user = new User(id, req.name(), req.email(), req.age());
+        return ApiResponse.ok("更新成功", userService.update(id, user));
     }
 
-    // DELETE /api/users/{id} - 删除用户
     @DeleteMapping("/{id}")
-    public String deleteUser(@PathVariable Long id) {
+    public ApiResponse<Void> deleteUser(@PathVariable Long id) {
         userService.delete(id);
-        return "用户 " + id + " 已删除";
+        return ApiResponse.ok("删除成功", null);
     }
 
-    // GET /api/users/search?name=xxx - 搜索用户
     @GetMapping("/search")
-    public List<User> searchUsers(@RequestParam String name) {
-        return userService.findByName(name);
+    public ApiResponse<List<User>> searchUsers(@RequestParam String name) {
+        return ApiResponse.ok(userService.findByName(name));
     }
-}
+}